A. Allori and G. M. Butteri
*Saint Catherine de’ Ricci Crushing the Children of Babylon*, 1588–90
The nun Catherine (1522–1590) was renowned for her learning, mystical experiences, and stigmata, which appeared as she meditated on Christ’s Passion. She was canonized by Pope Benedict XIV in 1746. This painting depicts the most unusual and unsettling episode in her iconography.
It is a stark spiritual allegory of the Counter-Reformation, giving vivid form to Psalm 137:9. In theological interpretation, the “children of Babylon” represent sinful thoughts and temptations in their earliest stages. Saint Catherine destroys vice before it can take root, dashing it against the rock of faith and Christ before it grows into a destructive habit.
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