🏰 Where the conquering Hungarians came from

Ancient DNA from 131 individuals links the 10th-century Magyars of the Carpathian Basin to communities on both sides of the southern Urals via long shared DNA segments (IBD).

The strongest matches point to the Karayakupovo Horizon (KH) in the southern Urals, dated 750–1000 CE, indicating a primary southern-Ural origin and a rapid move west.

The same ancestry persists in the Volga–Kama region into the 14th century, showing continuity in the circum-Ural area.

Takeaway: The conquering Hungarians largely trace to southern-Ural KH groups, with genome-wide links showing a fast 9th–10th-century migration into the Carpathian Basin.

Source: Gyuris et al., 2025. Long shared haplotypes identify the southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th-century Hungarians.