Kabyle and Algerian Arab: two identities, a shared Maghrebi foundation—and different balances of deep ancestry.

In this model, the Kabyle reference has 42.7% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer ancestry, 28.0% Iberomaurusian, 10.1% Western Steppe Herder and 9.1% Levantine Neolithic Farmer. The remaining components are 5.6% West African, 2.0% Zagros Neolithic Farmer, 1.0% Nilotic, 0.9% Western Hunter-Gatherer and 0.6% Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer.

The Algerian Arab reference has 29.2% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer, 24.5% Iberomaurusian and 22.2% Levantine Neolithic Farmer. It also includes 10.2% Western Steppe Herder, 8.1% West African, 3.3% Zagros Neolithic Farmer, 1.8% Nilotic and 0.7% Western Hunter-Gatherer.

The clearest contrast is the higher modeled Anatolian farmer contribution in Kabyle and higher Levantine farmer contribution in Algerian Arab. Both retain a substantial Iberomaurusian component, representing ancestry related to prehistoric North African references; their Steppe proportions are almost identical.

Their mutual genetic distance is 2.515, classified as Close. Kabyle's nearest non-self reference overall is Moroccan Riffian at 0.964 (Extremely close), followed by Algerian Shawiya at 1.572 and Moroccan Arab-Berber at 1.747 (both Very close). The selected distinct-country matches are Riffian and Tunisian Zenati Berber from Matmata, at 1.764.

Algerian Arab is closest overall to Tunisian Arab at 1.269, then Tunisian Arab Tunis at 1.310 and Algerian Arab Algiers at 1.480 (all Very close). Its selected distinct-country matches are Tunisian Arab and Moroccan Arab Oujda at 1.853. Nearby Amazigh references also include Tunisian Zenati Sened at 2.061.

These are population-average similarities and model-based estimates, not exact historical mixture percentages or a definition of anyone's identity.

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