Armenian vs Azeri: shared West Asian ancestry, different balances within it.

The Armenian reference is modeled as 30.7% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer, 24.4% Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer, 21.0% Levantine Neolithic Farmer, 18.5% Zagros Neolithic Farmer and 5.4% Western Steppe Herder.

The Azeri Azerbaijan reference has 25.3% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer, 21.6% Zagros Neolithic Farmer, 17.9% Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer, 15.3% Western Steppe Herder and 13.9% Levantine Neolithic Farmer. Smaller assignments are 4.1% East Asian, 1.4% Siberian and 0.5% Amerindian.

Anatolian farmer ancestry is the largest component in both. Armenian has higher modeled Caucasus hunter-gatherer and Levantine farmer contributions; Azeri has nearly three times the Steppe component and a higher Zagros farmer contribution. The smaller eastern components are model affinities, not exact recent genealogical shares—the 0.5% Amerindian label does not by itself establish an Indigenous American ancestor.

Armenian's nearest non-self matches overall are Armenian Yerevan at 0.757, Gesaria at 0.810 and Ararat at 0.914, all Extremely close. Kharberd, Erzurum, Van and Lebanon are also Extremely close. Under the distinct-national-flags rule, the selected matches are Turkish Bayburt at 1.523 and Greek Armenian Highland Erzurum at 1.745, both Very close.

Azeri Azerbaijan is closest overall to Karapapakh Turkey Kars at 1.209 and Azeri Iran at 1.239, both Extremely close. Gabala at 1.343 and Azeri Turkey Kars at 1.387 are Very close. Its selected distinct-name/national-flag matches are Karapapakh Kars and Tat Dagestan Nyugdi at 1.413 (Very close). Armenian Shamakhi, at 4.769 (Close), is closer than the broad Armenian average used here.

The two exact references are 6.113 apart, classified as Somewhat close. These are population-average similarities and deep ancestry estimates from one model, not definitions of identity. Regional references and individuals vary.

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