Genetic analysis of the world's oldest land animal

Jonathan, the 194-year-old giant tortoise living on St. Helena, has had his genome and methylome sequenced by an international research team to understand his extreme longevity. By analyzing a simple cheek swab, scientists identified 287 unique gene variants that likely contribute to his slow aging by repairing DNA and suppressing tumors.

These genes also produce proteins that clear out senescent, or "zombie," cells that cause aging and disease. Additionally, the analysis showed that his mitochondria—the structures responsible for cellular energy—remain as efficient as those in younger tortoises, preventing the typical wear and tear that usually accumulates over time.

This study follows a 2019 effort by the University of Oviedo, where researchers found similar DNA repair adaptations in Solitario George. His genetic profile suggests that his cells maintain a specialized level of internal repair that keeps him active at nearly two centuries old.

#biology #tortoise #longevity

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