Creating domestic capacity is one thing—keeping it viable against cheap imports is another. How does India build true strategic redundancy in pharma?

This brief argues that market forces won't reward spare capacity or secondary sourcing on their own. To protect public health from future supply shocks, policy must view strategic redundancy like an insurance premium: maintaining key domestic capabilities even when they can't consistently compete on price: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/tolerating-inefficiency-building-strategic-redundancy-in-indian-pharma