German History
October 16, 1813: The Battle of Leipzig, the decisive battle of the wars of liberation between the French under Napoleon Bonaparte and the allied Austrians, Russians, Prussians and Swedes, begins. It ends on October 18, 1813 with the retreat of Napoleon and his defeat.
The outcome was relatively inconclusive, and Napoleon managed to evacuate the bulk of his forces (approximately 160,000 men) after inflicting significant losses on the Allies. However, this battle ultimately led to the collapse of the Napoleonic system in Europe, the dissolution of the Confederation of the Rhine, and the liberation of all German territories.
In the German states, October 18th was long celebrated as the beginning of a rebirth.
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