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Stepan Bandera had led the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and, with the help of Theodor Oberländer, had helped to set up the "Nachtigall" (commander Hans-Albrecht Herzner ) and "Roland" battalions as the Legion of Ukrainian Nationalists , which had fought on the side of Germany. After the Soviet reconquest of Ukraine, Bandera was one of the leaders of an armed formation that fought in the rear of the Red Army .

In July 1941, Bandera was taken into German custody because of the criminal acts and "war crimes" committed by Ukrainian soldiers and because he had proclaimed an "independent Ukrainian state" without prior agreement. He was released on September 25, 1944 and then went into hiding in Germany. He later fought with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in the east with the partisans against Germany and finally against the invading Red Army . Otto Skorzeny tried to persuade him to cooperate with the SS hunting units through Operation Brown Bear until March 1945 , but Bandera refused, although he did help to transport German commandos, and especially the wounded, back behind German lines.

post-war period
After the end of the Second World War, he began his escape from the Soviet secret service KGB , because the Soviet Union wanted the death of its enemy and had sentenced him to death in absentia.

Death
KGB agents killed Bandera on October 15, 1959, in the entrance to his house at Kreittmayrstrasse 7 in Munich with a pistol-like weapon that sprayed hydrogen cyanide gas. The KGB was found to have commissioned the killing, and the perpetrator, Bogdan Staschynskij, was sentenced to eight years in prison on October 19, 1962 .
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