Welcome to KSE Mathematics Seminar - on Wednesday afternoon as usual:

“Bell Inequalities: An Introduction with Advanced Outlooks”

Speaker: Andrii Semenov (KSE & Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics)

🗓When: December 3, 16:30-17:30
📍Where: KSE, 3 M. Shpaka St., Room 4.05

Abstract:
This talk provides a review of one of the most profound discoveries of the twentieth century, recognized by the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics: the violation of Bell inequalities. Despite its significance, the phenomenon is often surrounded by misunderstandings and controversial interpretations in popular articles, media, and even in research works. My goal is to present a consistent and conceptually clear explanation of the phenomenon known as Bell nonlocality, which demonstrates that quantum physics cannot be described by any local realistic theory.  
I will start by introducing the concept of local realism, using both Bell’s original formulation and an alternative but equivalent approach known as Fine’s theorem. Next, using a simple example, I will show how this concept is naturally related to a linear programming problem in both its primal and dual forms. The latter, in fact, leads to the formulation of Bell inequalities. Finally, I will discuss more advanced topics, including the connection between Bell nonlocality and Quantum Resource Theories, its role in modern quantum technologies, and several open questions that require advanced mathematical considerations. 
Importantly, no prior knowledge of quantum physics is assumed. A background in school-level physics, linear algebra, and basic probability theory is sufficient to understand at least the main idea of the talk.