✅ JavaScript Arrays, Objects Array Methods 📦🧠

Understanding how arrays and objects work helps you organize, transform, and analyze data in JavaScript. Here's a quick and clear breakdown:

1️⃣ Arrays in JavaScript
An array stores a list of values.
let fruits = ["apple", "banana", "mango"];
console.log(fruits[1]); // banana
▶️ This creates an array of fruits and prints the second fruit (banana), since arrays start at index 0.

2️⃣ Objects in JavaScript
Objects hold key–value pairs.
let user = {
name: "Riya",
age: 25,
isAdmin: false
};

console.log(user.name); // Riya
console.log(user["age"]); // 25
▶️ This object represents a user. You can access values using dot (.) or bracket ([]) notation.

3️⃣ Array Methods – map, filter, reduce

🔹 map() – Creates a new array by applying a function to each item
let nums = [1, 2, 3];
let doubled = nums.map(n => n * 2);
console.log(doubled); // [2, 4, 6]
▶️ This multiplies each number by 2 and returns a new array.

🔹 filter() – Returns a new array with items that match a condition
let ages = [18, 22, 15, 30];
let adults = ages.filter(age => age >= 18);
console.log(adults); // [18, 22, 30]
▶️ This filters out all ages below 18.

🔹 reduce() – Reduces the array to a single value
let prices = [100, 200, 300];
let total = prices.reduce((acc, price) => acc + price, 0);
console.log(total); // 600
▶️ This adds all prices together to get the total sum.

💡 Extra Notes:
• map() → transforms items
• filter() → keeps matching items
• reduce() → combines all items into one result

🎯 Practice Challenge:
• Create an array of numbers
• Use map() to square each number
• Use filter() to keep only even squares
• Use reduce() to add them all up

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