第六期：Humor in Music
概要
这一期承接上期海顿的Symphony No.104介绍的是音乐中的幽默。首先伯恩斯坦说到音乐中的幽默是基于音乐本身的，它可以表现关于自己的笑话，或是别的音乐作品的笑话，但是不能表现日常生活中语言类的或其他的笑话（对于其他的笑话，伯恩斯坦认为他们不是musical joke）。伯恩斯坦提到幽默的一个重要特质是“不协调的”(incongruous)，从而创造一种surprise，使人发笑，在音乐中常有的形式是使用错误的音符或节奏，或者把大家耳熟能详的快乐的曲调变得悲伤等等。接下来，伯恩斯坦谈论了不同“等级“的幽默，包括了imitation（比如Rameau模仿母鸡的作品），wit（Haydn的Symphony No.88），satire（不是只是为了逗趣的幽默，而是有自己想表达的东西，举例了Prokofiev的Classical Symphony）等。最后，伯恩斯坦提到了幽默最重要的特质：幽默是以摧毁什么东西为代价的，可以是一个人（比如看到人因为香蕉皮滑倒而发笑），可以是一个词，一个观念，或者是逻辑本身，在音乐中也是一样，错音或者错误的节奏打破了音乐写作的规则（即音乐的逻辑），而像Prokofiev的Classical Symphony那样的作品挑战了传统的音乐。

喜欢的Quote
Here we come to the central point of all humor: that all jokes have to be at the expense of something or someone; something has to be hurt or even destroyed to make you laugh — a man's dignity, or an idea, or a word, or logic itself.

The only thing that makes it a scherzo is that it is the third movement, it is playful, full of energy, it's — as all scherzos should be — full of good humor. Which only goes to prove that there are all kinds of humor in the world, as well as in music; and that all humor doesn't have to be a joke, or make you laugh.

曲目
1. Walter Piston - The Incredible Flutist
2. Paul White - Mosquito Dance
3. Gershwin - An American in Paris
4. Kodaly - Hary Janos Suite
5. Rameau - Le Poulet
6. Gilbert & Sullivan - Pirates of Penzance
7. Haydn - Symphony No. 88
8. Prokofiev - Classical Symphony
9. Mahler - Symphony No.1
10. Gilbert & Sullivan - Mikado Recitative to "Oh Living I"
11. Richard Strauss - Der Rosenkavlier (Parody of Tristan)
12. Wagner - Tristan and Isolde
13. Mozart - Musical Joke
14. Shostakovich - Polka from "The Golden Age"
15. Aaron Copland - Music for the Theater, Burlesque
16. Dukas - The Sorcerer's Apprentice
17. Brahms - Symphony No.4 in F minor Scherzo

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV17J411Q7wP

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