第三期：What is Orchestration?

概要
这期关于管弦乐配器可真是太精彩了！Bernstein对于配器的精妙比喻是，配器就如给音符穿上衣服，好的配器不只是为了保暖的穿衣，而是穿对了衣服；而不好配器就像“穿着毛衣去游泳”一样😄这期里最棒的就是各种demonstration了。首先Bernstein拿Rimsky-Korsakov的Capriccio Espagnol的开头部分为例，具体剖析了作曲家是如何把他的四个idea分配在不同的乐器上的。他还提供了一些“错误配器案例”，比如用小号演奏德彪西Prelude a l'apres midi d'un faun开头的flute部分，用viola演奏Rhapsody in Blue前奏的单簧管部分，用铜管们演奏巴赫的Brandenberg Concerto等等，非常直观。接下来，Bernstein介绍了两类配器方式，一类是family way，主要是针对一个家族内的乐器，并顺带具体介绍了各个家族（木管，弦乐，铜管，打击乐）的乐器；另一类是social way，就是把各个家族融合起来。他再一次提供了很多案例，从乐器的选择（他不断强调选择乐器本身，即使是为一个旋律选择，也是一种配器），到乐器本身如何使用（这里使用了小提琴做例子，诸如弓的使用，在哪根弦上演奏等等），到两个乐器，四个乐器，五个乐器……直到整个管弦乐团——以一场精妙Ravel Bolero解说作为结尾（虽然好像演出本身略微有一点……😅）。看这期的时候整个就是🤩表情，内容太丰富了，展现也是非常生动，强烈推荐～

喜欢的quote
After all, notes can't wander around naked - they have to dress up in orchestration. But good orchestration means not only clothes that you put the music into, the way you wear a dress or a suit to keep yourself warm. It's got to be the right orchestration for that particular piece of music, like wearing the right suit or the right dress. Bad orchestration would be something like putting on a sweater to go swimming. It's just ridiculous. It's wrong.

An important part of a composer's job is to choose his instruments and to choose them right, because it is those instruments which have to carry his music to your ears.

曲目
1. Rimsky-Korsakov: Capriccio espagnol
2. Debussy: prelude a l'apres midi d'un faun
3. Gershwin Rhapsody in Blue
4. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto #3
5. Peter and the Wolf
6. Hindemith: kleine Kammermusik
7. Mozart: serenade for 13 instruments
8. Stravinsky: symphony for wind instruments
9. Ward America the Beautiful
10. Beethoven quartet: opus 131
11. Schubert: quintet in C, opus 163
12. Vaughan Williams: Fantasia on a Theme of Tallis
13. William Schumman: symphony for strings
14. Gabrieli: Sonata per oct toni
15. Saul Goodman - canon for percussion
16. Schubert: arpeggione sonata
17. Ravel: Introduction and Allegro
18. Stravinsky: L'histoire du soldat
19. Ravel: Bolero

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1b4411k7Tw

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