A common law jurisdiction sits inside Dubai. About 110 acres of it.

Within the DIFC, cases are heard in English, under common law, with binding precedent — a separate court system from the Arabic-language civil law courts a few streets away.
Two parties anywhere in the world can name it in a contract and be heard there, with no connection to Dubai at all.
Established 2004. Hearing cases since 2006.

Dubai didn't ask foreign capital to trust its courts. It built a second set they already trusted.