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How many early human species existed on Earth?

The answer to this question depends on the definition of a human, the definition of a species and the degree to which you accept variation within a species.

Most experts agree that our species, Homo sapiens (Latin for “wise men”), may be the ninth and youngest human species.

H. habilis: the handyman (2.4 million – 1.4 million years ago)

H. erectus: the enduring hiker (1.89 million to 110.000 years ago)

H. rudolfensis: the stranger (1.9 million to 1.8 million years ago)

H. heidelbergensis: the hunter (700,000 to 200,000 years ago)

H. floresiensis: the Hobbit (100,000 to 50,000 years ago)

H. neanderthalensis: The Neanderthal (400,000 – 40,000 years ago)

H. naledi (335,000 to 236,000 years ago)

H. luzonensis (at least 67,000 years ago)

Some scientists say that there were up to twenty early human species.

There is also a growing debate about whether H. Sapiens, Neanderthals and Denisovans are in fact all one species.

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