Что почитать о метафорах (больших) данных:
Puschmann, C., & Burgess, J. (2014). Big Data, Big Questions | Metaphors of big data. International Journal of Communication, 8, 20.
Stark, L., & Hoffmann, A. L. (2019). Data Is the New What? Popular Metaphors & Professional Ethics in Emerging Data Culture.
Kerssens, N. (2019). De-Agentializing Data Practices: The Shifting Power of Metaphor in 1990s Discourses on Data Mining.
Nafus, D. (2014). Stuck Data, Dead Data, and Disloyal Data: the Stops and Starts in Making Numbers into Social Practices. Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, 15(2), 208-222.