S-75 “Dvina / Desna” Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM)

The S-75 is a Soviet-era long range high altitude SAM system, designed to counter strategic bombers and reconnaissance aircraft. Entering service in the late 1950s, it became globally known after shooting down the U-2 spy plane in 1960.

• Engagement Range: ~30–45 km.
• Altitude: up to ~25 km
• Guidance: Command. guidance via ground radar
• Warhead: High-explosive fragmentation.

Though obsolete today, the S-75 shaped modern air defense doctrine and forced a shift toward low level penetration and SEAD tactics in aerial warfare.

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