✅ Web development Interview Questions with Answers Part-10

91. What is the difference between git merge and git rebase?
Merge keeps commit history intact and adds a merge commit. Rebase rewrites history into a linear flow. I use merge on shared branches. I use rebase on local feature branches before pushing.

92. What is a CI/CD pipeline?
It automates build, test, and deployment. CI validates every commit. CD deploys changes safely. This reduces human error and speeds delivery.

93. Why is Docker used in modern development?
Docker packages code with dependencies. It removes environment mismatch issues. It makes deployments predictable. I use it for local development and production parity.

94. What are environment-based builds?
They separate config per environment. Dev, staging, and production behave differently. Secrets and API URLs change per environment. This prevents accidental production issues.

95. How do you handle logging and monitoring?
I log meaningful events, not noise. I track errors, latency, and traffic. I use centralized logging and alerts. This helps detect issues early.

96. How do you design error handling in applications?
I handle errors gracefully. I return clear error responses. I log errors with context. I never expose internal stack traces to users.

97. What tools do you use to monitor performance?
I monitor response time and resource usage. I use APM tools and browser metrics. I track slow queries and API latency.

98. How do you debug issues in production?
I start with logs and metrics. I reproduce the issue in staging if possible. I add temporary logs if needed. I fix root cause, not symptoms.

99. How do you write clean and maintainable code?
I keep functions small. I use clear naming. I avoid duplication. I write tests for critical logic. I review code regularly.

100. How do you handle failures and outages in real-world systems?
I stay calm and assess impact. I roll back if needed. I communicate clearly with stakeholders. I write a postmortem. I fix the process, not blame people.

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