Web Development Interview Questions Part-4

31. How do you make a website mobile-friendly? 
    Use responsive design with fluid grids and flexible images, apply CSS media queries, optimize touch targets, and ensure fast load times on mobile networks.

32. Explain Agile development workflows you've worked with. 
    Agile emphasizes iterative development, collaboration, and flexibility; typical workflows include sprints, daily stand-ups, sprint reviews, and retrospectives to continuously improve.

33. What tools and libraries do you use? 
    Common tools: VS Code, Chrome DevTools, Git, Webpack, Babel. Libraries/frameworks: React, Vue, Angular, jQuery, Tailwind CSS, Axios.

34. How do you prioritize features and bug fixes? 
    Balance urgency, impact on users, and development effort; often use frameworks like MoSCoW (Must have, Should have, Could have, Won’t have) or prioritize on business value.

35. What is the difference between clustered and non-clustered indexes in databases? 
    Clustered index defines the physical order of data in the table (one per table), while non-clustered index is a separate structure pointing to data locations.

36. How do you manage CSS with many style sheets? 
    Use modular CSS (CSS Modules), preprocessors like SASS, establish naming conventions (BEM), and leverage bundlers to combine and minify CSS.

37. Can you explain cross-site scripting (XSS) and how to prevent it? 
    XSS is injecting malicious scripts into webpages that run in users’ browsers. Prevention includes input validation, output encoding, using Content Security Policy, and avoiding inline scripts.

38. What are some common security best practices in web development? 
    Use HTTPS, sanitize user input, implement authentication and authorization, keep dependencies updated, use secure cookies, and protect against CSRF and XSS.

39. How do you optimize SQL queries for performance? 
    Use proper indexing, avoid SELECT *, write efficient joins, limit result sets, analyze execution plans, and denormalize data if needed.

40. What is RESTful API design and best practices? 
    Design APIs using standard HTTP verbs, stateless requests, clear resource URIs, use JSON format, version your API, provide meaningful error messages, and secure endpoints.

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