If you give women UBI, they have less children. If you give their husbands UBI, they have more children.

Caveats: Study focused on low-income women and the experiment lasted two years; possible (but unlikely) that long-term fertility effects could differ from these results.

Source: How Changes in Cash Transfers Can Affect Childbearing Among Low‑Income Women: Evidence from the Finnish Basic Income Experiment (2025)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-025-09735-9

#fertility