Catalog of genetic studies on ancient Europeans

Updated periodically. Older studies are often amended/refuted by newer studies, but still contain useful information.

EARLY ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMAN EXPANSIONS

Genetics and Material Culture Support Repeated Expansions into Paleolithic Eurasia from a Population Hub Out of Africa (2022)

The role of genetic selection and climatic factors in the dispersal of anatomically modern humans out of Africa (2023)

The Persian plateau served as hub for Homo sapiens after the main out of Africa dispersal (2024)

PALEOLITHIC, MESOLITHIC

Population Genomics of Stone Age Eurasia (2022)

The genetic history of Ice Age Europe (2016)

Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers (2023)

Late Pleistocene human genome suggests a local origin for the first farmers of central Anatolia (2019)

The genomic origins of the world’s first farmers (2022)

Early Neolithic genomes from the eastern Fertile Crescent (2017)

NEOLITHIC, BRONZE AGE

The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans (2025)

A genomic history of the North Pontic Region from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age (2025, supplement to above paper)

Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe (2015)

Ancient genomics support deep divergence between Eastern and Western Mediterranean Indo-European languages (2024)

The formation of human populations in South and Central Asia (2019)

100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark (2024)

The genomic origins of the Bronze Age Tarim Basin mummies (2021)

Bronze and Iron Age population movements underlie Xinjiang population history (2022)

IRON AGE, ANTIQUITY, MEDIEVAL

Stable population structure in Europe since the Iron Age, despite high mobility (2024)

High-resolution genomic history of early medieval Europe (2025)

Steppe Ancestry in Western Eurasia and the Spread of the Germanic Languages (2025)

The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool (2022)

Population genomics of the Viking world (2019)

Evidence for dynastic succession among early Celtic elites in Central Europe (2024)

Demography and life histories across the Roman frontier in Germany 400–700 ce (2026)

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years (2019)

Ancient Rome: A genetic crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean (2019)

The origin and legacy of the Etruscans through a 2000-year archeogenomic time transect (2021)

Ancient DNA connects large-scale migration with the spread of Slavs (2025)

Genetic history of Rus’ (2025)

A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations (2023, see supplements for detailed admixture analyses)

Ancient DNA reveals admixture history and endogamy in the prehistoric Aegean (2023)

Ancient DNA reveals the origins of the Albanians (2025)

Genetic history of Scythia (2025)

Ancient DNA reveals the prehistory of the Uralic and Yeniseian peoples (2025)

The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians (2022)

Ancient DNA reveals reproductive barrier despite shared Avar-period culture (2025)

Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14th century (2022)