1️⃣ FROM clause: Identifies the tables from which data will be retrieved.
2️⃣ WHERE clause: Filters rows that meet certain conditions, narrowing down the dataset.
3️⃣ GROUP BY clause: Organizes identical values into groups, often used with aggregate functions.
4️⃣ HAVING clause: Applies filters on groups created by the GROUP BY clause.
5️⃣ SELECT clause: Specifies which columns or expressions to display in the query results.
6️⃣ WINDOW functions: Perform row-wise calculations without collapsing the data, like
ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LAG.7️⃣ AGGREGATE functions: Includes
SUM, COUNT, AVG, and others, used for summarizing data.8️⃣ UNION / UNION ALL: Merges results from multiple queries into a single result set.
UNION removes duplicates, while UNION ALL keeps them.9️⃣ ORDER BY clause: Arranges the result set in ascending or descending order based on one or more columns.
🔟 LIMIT / OFFSET (or FETCH / OFFSET): Limits the number of rows returned and specifies the starting row for pagination.
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