Visual Capitalist

📊 The Resting Heart Rates of 15 Different Animals

🔸 A resting hummingbird's heart can beat up to 225 times per minute, while a blue whale's heart can beat as slowly as twice per minute. The animal kingdom's wide range of resting heart rates shows how size, activity levels, and environmental demands shape each animal's physiology.

🔸 This graphic shows the resting heart rate range of 15 animals in beats-per-minute (bpm) using data from Merck Veterinary Manual. Typically, smaller animals like rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits have higher resting heart rates compared to larger ones.

🔸 One reason for this is that smaller animals have higher metabolic rates per unit of body mass than larger animals. The metabolic rate is the rate at which a living thing consumes energy to maintain basic bodily functions while at rest. As a result, their hearts need to pump blood more frequently to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells, leading to higher resting heart rates.

🔸 Larger animals' hearts have a greater stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped from the heart to the rest of the body) than smaller animals. This enables them to have a lower resting heart rate as each heartbeat pumps more blood to the rest of their body.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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📊 Visualizing PC vs. Console Gaming Market Share

🔸The gaming industry has seen steady growth in the past few decades, evolving into a multi-billion dollar industry today. While modern gaming now takes place on a variety of devices, from smartphones to VR headsets, the major platforms dominating the market are still personal computers (PCS) and dedicated gaming consoles like the PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, and Nintendo Switch.

🔸 This visualization breaks down the market share of console and PC gaming in 2023 in the U.S. and the UK, along with the growth rates of each segment and the overall industry. The data comes from Newzoo's 2024 PC and Console Gaming Report and captures revenues from physical and digital games and consoles, in-game spending, subscription services, and estimates for secondary markets and trade.

🔸 Console games made up the majority of the gaming industry's market share last year, generating a whopping $53.1 billion in revenue. Games like Hogwarts Legacy, NBA 2K24, and The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom were among the top-selling console games on the market. While PC gaming brought in less revenue, the segment is quickly catching up, as PC games saw a greater year-over-year revenue growth at 3.9%.

🔸 Although Nintendo doesn't release its games on PC, over the past few years Sony and Microsoft (makers of the Playstation 5 and Xbox Series X) have started to release their in-house developed games also on the PC platform, sometimes with a delay to incentivize console sales. Some of 2023's most successful games were cross-platform releases, many of which sold well on the PC and drove growth for the segment.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures

📊 How Much Do Different Countries Trust Institutions?

⭐In today's world, factors such as polarization, misinformation, scandals, economic instability, and inequality have all contributed to a deterioration in people's trust in institutions like government and media. But for some countries, trust is slowly returning. During the pandemic, trust in politicians was particularly shaky, with 63% of respondents of an Ipsos survey finding politicians untrustworthy.

⭐This infographic shows the 2024 Edelman Trust Index scores of 28 countries and their change from 2023. The Trust Index is meant to represent the average percent trust in NGOs, businesses, government, and media, based on a survey of over 32,000 respondents from 28 different countries conducted by Edelman Trust Institute. Globally, trust in institutions increased by one percentage point from 55 to 56 since last year.

⭐With an average Trust Index of 63, developing countries are far more trusting of institutions than developed countries, who have an average of 49. Most of the Asian countries included in the survey saw increases to their Trust Index scores, including South Korea, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Japan. China and Indonesia were the only Asian nations whose populations became less trusting in 2024.

⭐South Korea saw the biggest jump among all 28 countries surveyed, with their Trust Index increasing by 7 from 2023. When comparing each country's low income (bottom 25%) and high income (top 25%) earners' Trust Index scores, Thailand had the greatest income-based trust inequality, with wealthy Thai citizens having a trust index of 82 while low income Thai citizens only having 55.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures

🔎 Charted: America’s Most Popular News Sources (2024)

👨‍💻The distribution of news in the internet era has never quite been so fractured. Between competing outlets, platforms, and formats, Americans can get their news from anywhere between a TikTok video to a station newspaper. This graphic shows the percentage of Americans who use various news sources on a weekly basis.

👨‍💻More than 2,000 nationally representative Americans were surveyed in a 2024 YouGov survey commissioned by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. When it comes to traditional mediums (TV, radio, and print), local TV stations are still the most frequently used by Americans (28%). Fox News (27%) comes in at a close second.

👨‍💻Meanwhile, CNN ranks as the third most popular choice (23%) with ABC and CBS News (both 20%) rounding out the top five. As a whole, TV stations fill out the top six spots with local newspapers coming in 7th (14%). The New York Times (13%) and USA Today (12%) are the only named newspaper outlets to have double-digit responses.

👨‍💻However, in the digital realm, Fox News online (18%) just about takes the crown with a 1 percentage point lead over CNN (17%). Local TV news websites and Yahoo! News tie for third place (16%). Both NYT and USA Today's online editions perform better than their print counterparts.

👨‍💻In fact, the Times has been seeing declining print subscriptions for the last two years, even as online-only subscribers grow. A core component of drawing more online patrons is through bundling its many services. Games like Wordle are used as a funnel to grow digital subscriptions.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🔺 Visa, Mastercard, and UnionPay Transaction Volumes

🔹 This graphic shows the number of global transactions for five major payment card companies (Visa, Mastercard, UnionPay, American Express, and Discover) from 2014–2023. Data for the visualization includes both credit and debit card transactions and is sourced from Statista, current up to May 2024.

🔹 Card services tend to be imagined as a duopoly between Visa and Mastercard. However, founded in 2002, China's UnionPay surpassed Mastercard by transaction volume in 2017. In 2023 UnionPay recorded 228 billion transactions globally, now firmly in second place behind Visa (267 billion).

🔹 According to Retail Banking Research, it also surpassed both Visa and Mastercard in terms of overall payment value as well. UnionPay's largest market is China, where it's the only interbank network, linking all the ATMs. It's also worth noting that the majority of UnionPay transactions are debit transactions, though its credit card products are growing fast.

🔹 Meanwhile, promising fintech competitors like PayPal and Apple Pay have now turned into Visa and Mastercard collaborators in a bid to secure a spot in the massive and lucrative digital payments industry.
Part of the reason is how broad-reaching Visa and Mastercard infrastructure is.

🔹 As this Motley Fool article explains, the two card giants have essentially built the highways of the payment world and now collect a toll every time there's a transaction.
And even the amount of toll can make a difference in market share. For example, American Express cards are less popular due to higher merchant fees, limiting their acceptance.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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📝 Charted: Satisfaction With Democracy, in 26 Countries

🔗 Almost half of the world's population resides in countries that held or will hold executive or legislative elections in 2024. This prompts a closer look at how people feel about the way democracy is working in their respective nations.

🔗 Methodology
In 2024, the Pew Research Center conducted over 900 interviews in each country via telephone or face-to-face. Respondents were asked,

"How satisfied are you with the way democracy is working in [survey country] - very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, not too satisfied, or not at all satisfied?"

Those who did not answer are excluded. Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.
Decline in Satisfaction with

🔗 Democracy
Satisfaction with democracy has declined in recent years, particularly in high-income nations. In nine out of the 12 countries where this question has been asked consistently, satisfaction levels are lower today than in 2021. Notably, six countries have seen a double-digit drop in satisfaction: Canada, Germany, Greece, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

🔗 Regional Differences
 🔻Europe: 75% of Swedes are satisfied with their democracy, compared to just 22% in Greece.
 🔻Asia-Pacific: More than three-quarters of Indians and Singaporeans are satisfied, whereas only 31% of Japanese are satisfied with their democracy.
 🔻Latin America: About two-thirds or more of Chileans, Colombians, and Peruvians express negative views about their democracies.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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📊 Average Wage Growth in G7 Countries (2000-2022)

🔺 The average wage growth is an indicator of economic performance. Rising wages typically signal a thriving economy with successful businesses able to pay employees more, boosting consumer spending and further growth. Stagnant or declining wages can indicate economic challenges.

🔺The graph shows average annual real wage growth for full-time workers in G7 countries from 2000-2022. Most G7 countries have seen steady wage growth, with the United States clearly outperforming its peers.

🔺However, Italy is the only G7 country where average wages in 2022 fell below 2000 levels in real terms. This is attributed to prolonged economic stagnation and a prevalence of small-medium firms paying below-average wages. European countries in general are noted for economic stagnation.

🔺Japan also lags behind, with the lowest wages among G7 countries over the past two decades. This is linked to prolonged deflation, a focus on maintaining employment over raising wages, seniority-based pay, and low labor productivity compared to other G7 nations.

🔺 This highlights divergent wage growth trends across G7 countries, with the U.S. leading, Italy and Japan falling behind, and broader economic stagnation in Europe.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures

😌 Visualizing the Average Age Adults Move Out in Europe

1️⃣ Regional Differences: Balkan and Southern European countries have the highest average ages for adults moving out, often 30 years or older.

2️⃣ Top Countries:
➖ Croatia and Serbia both have the highest average age at 32.
➖ Slovakia and Greece follow closely with an average moving out age of 31.

3️⃣ Economic and Cultural Factors: Strong family ties and economic challenges such as high rent and lower wages contribute to later independence in these regions.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures

🇪🇺 Euro Finals All-time Scoreboard Visualization

⚪️ Dominant Teams: Spain and Germany (including West Germany) lead in Euro championship wins with three titles each. Germany has reached the finals six times, the most of any team.

🔵 Historical Winners: Eleven different countries have won the Euros. Besides Spain and Germany, France and Italy have each won twice.

🔴 Record Goals: Cristiano Ronaldo leads in all-time goals for the tournament with 55 goals across 74 matches.

🟢 2024 Finals: Spain is aiming to become the all-time championship leader in their fifth final appearance against England, who seeks their first win.

🟡 Notable Finals:
- 2020: Italy defeated England in a penalty shootout in London.
- 2016: Portugal won against France in extra time.
- 2000: France secured their win with a golden goal during extra time against Italy.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🔝Regional Breakdown of the World's Top 100 Universities (2024)

1️⃣ North American Dominance:
The U.S. holds the highest number of top 100 universities with 36 institutions, while Canada adds 3 more, bringing North America's total to 39.

2️⃣ Europe's Strong Showing:
Europe closely follows with 36 top 100 universities spread across several countries, including the UK, Germany, Netherlands, France, Switzerland, Sweden, Belgium, and Russia.

3️⃣ Asia and Oceania Representation:
Asia & Oceania are represented by 12 universities from China and Hong Kong, along with contributions from Australia, South Korea, Singapore, and Japan.

4️⃣ Global Leaders:
The UK's Oxford University ranks as the number one university worldwide. The U.S. is home to seven of the top ten universities, showcasing significant educational prowess.

5️⃣ Notable Per Capita Achievements:
Singapore and Switzerland have an impressive representation relative to their smaller populations, with two and three universities respectively in the top 100.

6️⃣ Absence in South America and Africa:
No universities from South America or Africa are listed in the top 100 according to this ranking.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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♻️ What Powered the World in 2023?

🔆 High Dependence on Fossil Fuels: In 2023, 81% of global energy consumption still came from fossil fuels—coal (32%), natural gas (26%), and oil (23%).

🔆 Coal as the Leading Source: Coal continued to dominate the energy sector, with consumption reaching a record high of 196 exajoules (EJ), particularly driven by high demand in the Asia-Pacific region.

🔆 Renewable Energy's Modest Share: Despite growth in renewable energy sources, they accounted for 14.6% of the total primary energy, with solar and wind making up 8% of the global energy mix.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures

💰 Top 10 Highest-Paid World Leaders in 2024

1️⃣ Singapore's Prime Minister Tops the List: Lawrence Wong, the Prime Minister of Singapore, is the highest-paid world leader, earning approximately $1.61 million annually.

2️⃣ Hong Kong's Chief Executive in Second: John Lee Ka-chiu, the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, holds the second spot with a salary of $695,000.

3️⃣ Diverse Global Representation: The list includes leaders from diverse regions including Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania, indicating varying compensations across global governance structures.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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❤ Life Expectancy vs. Health Spending Per Capita

📌 High Healthcare Costs, Low Life Expectancy in the U.S.: The U.S. has the highest healthcare spending per capita among wealthy nations at $12,600, yet it records the lowest life expectancy at 77.5 years.

📌 Comparison with Other Wealthy Nations: Germany, with the second highest healthcare costs ($8,000 per capita), enjoys a life expectancy of 80.7 years. Other countries like Japan and Australia achieve higher life expectancies (84.1 and 83.3 years respectively) with significantly lower health spending.

📌 Global Averages: On average, the studied developed countries spend around $6,700 per capita on healthcare with an average life expectancy of 82.2 years, illustrating a stark contrast with U.S. figures.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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⚠️ A Short Overview of Places With Zero Corporate Taxes

1️⃣ Zero Corporate Tax Locations: Primarily small island nations and certain territories in the Caribbean, Pacific, and the British Isles have zero corporate tax rates. These include places like Anguilla, the British Virgin Islands, and the Cayman Islands.

2️⃣ Additional Tax Benefits: Many of these locations also offer zero income tax and capital gains tax, making them attractive as tax havens.

3️⃣ Exceptions and Upcoming Changes: Some regions, such as Bahrain and the Crown Dependencies, have exceptions based on industry or company size. Bermuda plans to introduce a corporate tax in 2025 for certain multinational corporations.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🍚 776 Million Tonnes of Rice Production by Country

🌟 Top Producers: China and India are the world's leading rice producers, each generating around 200 million tonnes in 2022, which is more than half of the global total.

🌟 Export Dominance: India not only ranks high in production but is also the top rice exporter, handling one-third of the global rice trade.

🌟 Asian Dominance: The list of top rice producers is heavily dominated by Asian countries, which is suitable due to the ideal growing conditions and the cultural significance of rice in these regions.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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Visualizing Tropical Forest Loss in 2023

✅ Major Contributors to Forest Loss: Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bolivia, Indonesia, and Peru were the top countries with the most significant tropical forest loss in 2023.

✅ Progress and Challenges: Brazil showed a considerable reduction in forest loss compared to the previous year, but global efforts are still lagging behind the targets set in the 2021 Glasgow Declaration to halt and reverse forest loss by 2030.

✅ Global Impact: The total forest area lost globally in 2023 was 3.75 million hectares, causing significant carbon dioxide emissions, which have profound implications for global climate change.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🇺🇸 The Top 10 Countries Receiving U.S. Foreign Aid

1️⃣ Major Increase for Ukraine: In response to the 2022 Russian invasion, U.S. foreign aid to Ukraine surged from $419 million in FY2021 to $11.2 billion in FY2022, and reached $16.7 billion in FY2023.

2️⃣ Consistent Aid to Israel: Israel consistently receives around $3.3 billion annually, mainly for "Conflict, Peace, and Security," facilitated by the U.S. Department of Defense.

3️⃣ Purpose of U.S. Foreign Aid: The primary objectives of U.S. foreign aid include promoting global stability, supporting U.S. national security, and advancing economic interests.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🚗 Automaker Sales by Region in 2023

⭐️ Regional Sales Distribution: Automaker sales vary significantly by region. For example, Chevrolet has a high concentration of sales in North America (66%), while European brands like Mercedes and BMW have a substantial market share in China and Europe.

⭐️ China as a Key Market: China is a crucial market for many automakers, particularly for German brands such as Volkswagen, Mercedes, and BMW. Volkswagen leads with 45% of its sales in China, followed closely by BMW and Mercedes.

⭐️ Diverse Strategies: Different automakers show varied strategic focuses based on regional strengths. For instance, Toyota and Hyundai show a more balanced distribution across multiple regions compared to Chevrolet and Ford, which are heavily focused on North America.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
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🇺🇸 🤭 Biden and Trump: The Least-Liked Presidential Candidates in Over 30 Years

🇺🇸Unprecedented Unfavorability:
Both Joe Biden and Donald Trump have reached a historic high in unfavorability for U.S. presidential candidates since 1988, with 25% of Americans viewing both unfavorably.

🇺🇸 Comparison to Previous Elections:
This level of mutual unfavorability surpasses the previous high of 20% in 2016 when Trump ran against Hillary Clinton.

🇺🇸 Individual Favorability Ratings:
Trump has a 39% favorability rating, consistent with his 2016 levels but lower than in 2020. Biden's favorability is at 37%, which is lower than his 2020 level of 46%.

🔗 Source: Visual Capitalist
✈️ This channel is powered by V3V Ventures