_Operating System RoadMap
|
|-- Kernel
| |-- Memory Management
| | |-- Paging
| | |-- Segmentation
| | |-- Virtual Memory
| |
| |-- Process Management
| | |-- Process Scheduling
| | |-- Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
| | |-- Threads
| |
| |-- File System
| | |-- File I/O
| | |-- Directory Structure
| | |-- File Permissions
| |
| |-- Device Drivers
| | |-- Communication with Hardware
| | |-- Input/Output (I/O)
| |
| |-- System Calls
| |-- Interface to Kernel Functionality
| |-- Examples: open(), read(), write(), etc.
|
|-- Memory Management
| |-- RAM
| | |-- Stack
| | |-- Heap
| | |-- Data Segment
| | |-- Code Segment
| |
| |-- Cache
| | |-- L1, L2, L3 Caches
| |
| |-- Virtual Memory
| |-- Page Table
| |-- Page Replacement Algorithms
| |-- Swapping
|
|-- File System
| |-- File Organization
| |-- File Allocation Table (FAT)
| |-- Inodes
| |-- File Access Methods
|
|-- Networking
| |-- TCP/IP
| |-- Protocols
| |-- Network Stack
| |-- Routing
| |-- Firewalls
|
|-- Security
| |-- Authentication
| |-- Authorization
| |-- Encryption
| |-- Access Control Lists (ACL)
|
|-- Process Management
| |-- PCB (Process Control Block)
| |-- Context Switching
| |-- Deadlocks
| |-- Synchronization
| |-- Mutual Exclusion
|
|-- Device Management
| |-- I/O Buffering
| |-- Device Controllers
| |-- Interrupt Handling
| |-- DMA (Direct Memory Access)
|
|-- User Interface
| |-- Graphical User Interface (GUI)
| |-- Command Line Interface (CLI)
| |-- Windowing Systems
|
|-- Shell
| |-- Command Interpreter
| |-- Scripting
| |-- Job Control
|
|-- System Utilities
| |-- Task Manager
| |-- Disk Cleanup
| |-- System Monitor
| |-- Backup and Restore
|
|-- Boot Process
| |-- BIOS/UEFI
| |-- Boot Loader
| |-- Kernel Initialization
| |-- Init Process
|
|-- System Libraries
| |-- Standard C Library
| |-- POSIX Library
| |-- WinAPI (for Windows)
|
|-- System Calls
| |-- File System Calls
| |-- Process Control Calls
| |-- Memory Management Calls
| |-- Communication Calls
|
|-- Error Handling
| |-- Error Codes
| |-- Logging
| |-- Recovery Strategies
|
|-- Distributed Systems
| |-- Clustering
| |-- Load Balancing
| |-- Distributed File Systems
|
|-- Cloud Computing
| |-- Virtualization
| |-- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
| |-- Platform as a Service (PaaS)
| |-- Software as a Service (SaaS)
|
└-- Comments
|-- // Single-line comment
└-- /* Multi-line comment */

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