4. They may refuse. The state is not obliged to explain the reasons. If an exequatur is not given, a person actually cannot occupy the position of consul.
5. Not to be confused with agreman. Agreman is a preliminary consent to the appointment of an ambassador (head of a diplomatic mission). An exequatur is the final work permit of a consul (head of a consular post).

That is: exequatur is “welcome, work” for the consul.