"The Mathematics of Bitcoin" is a concise work that analyzes Bitcoin from a mathematical perspective. 📊

It utilizes probability theory, stochastic processes, martingales, combinatorics, and special functions to explore the mechanisms of the Bitcoin protocol. 🧮

In particular, the authors examine the probability of double-spending, the profitability of mining, block generation, miner strategies, and the resilience of the protocol. ⛏️

If you want to delve deeper, I also recommend "Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies" from Princeton University. This is a much broader introduction to cryptographic hash functions, digital signatures, consensus, Proof of Work, mining, transactions, anonymity, security, and the incentive system in cryptocurrencies. 🎓

The Mathematics of Bitcoin:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.00001

Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies:
https://d28rh4a8wq0iu5.cloudfront.net/bitcointech/readings/princeton_bitcoin_book.pdf

@Machine_learn