What is the future of Layer2s and rollups?

Main insights from the panel discussion “Advancing Layer 2: Next-Gen Solutions and Breakthroughs”

👯 Rollps are everywhere, but fragmentation remains
The growth of rollup clusters and modular design has made launching rollups easier than ever. However, interoperability remains a challenge, with fragmented ecosystems relying on bridges and shared governance. True seamless interaction between rollups is still a long way off.

interoperability will become the next big focus as rollups scale, but expect it to be slow and gradual.

💽 App Chains are rising
The rise of application-specific chains is on the horizon. As interoperability matures, more applications will migrate to their own dedicated rollups, optimizing for custom needs without user fragmentation.

While app chains offer customisation, they also face problems like migrating liquidity and maintaining user experience. The rise of app chains is inevitable, but the ecosystem must evolve to support them.

📅 Web3 is becoming more modular
L2s have shifted towards modularity, enabling developers to add features and experiment with AltVMs, pre-compiles, and economic models. This modularity accelerates innovation and drives Ethereum's growth.

Ethereum's modular approach strengthens its position over monolithic chains like Solana by fostering a faster pace of experimentation and adaptability.

🛡 We need to push for decentralisation
The ecosystem is at a crossroads, with centralised rollups (like Coinbase Base) potentially dominating. Maintaining Ethereum's ethos of censorship resistance and decentralization is crucial.

Community-driven efforts to ensure decentralisation and transparency are vital to counter centralized control, particularly as rollup adoption accelerates.