1.Crop - the total amount of plant collected in a season, grown by farmers.
Some colocations:
•Crop failure (=a crop fails)
•Crop rotation (Ссылка на кэмб. Словарь).
•A cash crop (=a crop to sell)
—The country's most important export crops are sugarcane and cotton
—Pumpkin growers are celebrating their largest crop ever this year!
2.Yield — an amount of something positive, such as food or profit, that is produced or supplied.
•Crop yields, урожайность
—crop yields have risen steadily.
3.Famine - an extreme lack of food in a region over a long period of time causing illness and death.
Colocations:
•Severe famine
•Widespread famine
-the irish potato famine was due to potato crop failures caused by a disease.
-the drought caused widespread famine across the country.
4.Vegetation — plant diversity, plants in general or that are found in certain area.
•Dense vegetation (плотная растительность)
•natural vegetation.
—The hikers struggled to move through the dense vegetation of the jungle
—Development projects have destroyed much of the area's natural vegetation.
5. Pest - an insect or small animal that is harmful or damages crops.
•agricultural pest
•pest control
—the beetle is a common agricultural pest in this region.
—parasitic wasps are increasingly used in agricultural pest control as they prey mostly on pest insects.
6.Pest-resistant (устойчивый к вредителям)
•pest-resistant crops
•pest resistant varieties
—the use of pesticides can be also made redundant(not needed anymore), if pest-resistant seeds can be developed.
—sustainable agriculture practices benefit from genetic engineering.
7.fertilizer — any substance used to improve the quality of soil.
Word family: fertile, fertility.
•Apply fertilizer (=use)
•Organic fertilizer
•excessive use/application of fertilizer
—Farmers apply organic fertilizer to increase crop yields.
—excessive applications of fertilizer can take a toll on the environment.