🗓 October 11 in Russia:

🔳 1658 — The Russian Army defeats the Lithuanians in the Battle of Verki. 

🔳 1783 — The Russian Academy was established, and Princess Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova was appointed president of the academy. 

🔳 1917 - G. Zinoviev and L. Kamenev published a letter titled "To the Current Moment" in the newspaper "New Life," in which they opposed the decision made by the Central Committee of the RSDRP(b) regarding the armed uprising of the Bolsheviks. 

🔳 1919 — The Civil War in Russia. Units of the Red Army began the Orlovsko-Kromskaya operation, which halted the advance of the White Guards on Moscow and shifted the initiative to the Reds. 

🔳 1922 — A decree from the Soviet government introduced a new currency unit — the chervonets. 

🔳 1922 - Leon Trotsky promoted the youth at a Komsomol congress to "gnaw at the granite of science" - the phrase quickly became popular. 

🔳 1931 — A decision was made in the USSR to completely eliminate private trade. 

🔳 1931 - The first flight of the stainless steel airplane "Stal-2" by A. I. Putilov, piloted by E. I. Shvarts. 

🔳 1940 — By a resolution of the Central Committee of the VKP(b), the mines of Donbass were switched to a two-shift work schedule. 

🔳 1944 — The Tuvan People's Republic joined the USSR. 

🔳 1958 — From the Baikonur cosmodrome, an attempt was made to launch the automatic interplanetary station "E-1 - 2" towards the Moon. The carrier rocket "Vostok-L" 8K72 suffered a failure shortly after launch and exploded (the flight program intended for the station to reach the visible disk of the Moon). 

🔳 1961 — The first underground nuclear explosion was carried out at the Semipalatinsk test site. 

🔳 1984 — A major aviation disaster occurred at the airport in Omsk, USSR: a Tu-154 aircraft collided with two ground service vehicles during landing.

🔳 1994 — A sharp decline in the ruble's exchange rate against the dollar (“Black Tuesday”).